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Understanding Epilepsy: Causes and Symptoms

Epilepsy Seizure. Man With Overdose Failure. Medical Health

What is Epilepsy?

Epilepsy is a common neurological condition that affects the brain. It causes people to have repeated seizures. A seizure is a sudden burst of electrical activity in the brain. Because of this, a person may lose awareness, shake, or act differently for a short time. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), epilepsy affects about 50 million people worldwide. Although anyone can develop epilepsy, it often starts in childhood or after age 60. Many people with epilepsy live full, healthy lives with the right care.

Causes of Epilepsy

There are many possible causes of epilepsy. Sometimes, doctors cannot find a clear reason. However, several known factors can lead to this seizure disorder. Understanding these causes can help with early detection and treatment.

  • Genetic factors: Sometimes, epilepsy runs in families. This means genes can play a role.
  • Brain injury: Head injuries from accidents or falls may cause epilepsy.
  • Stroke: A stroke can damage the brain and lead to seizures.
  • Infections: Brain infections, such as meningitis or encephalitis, can trigger epilepsy.
  • Developmental disorders: Conditions like autism or cerebral palsy may increase the risk.
  • Brain tumors: Growths in the brain can sometimes cause seizures.

    • Even so, in about half of all cases, the cause remains unknown. But, knowing the risk factors helps doctors find the best treatment.

    Symptoms of Epilepsy

    Epilepsy symptoms can vary from person to person. Not all seizures look the same. For example, some people may stare blankly for a few seconds. Others may fall, shake, or lose awareness. Because symptoms can be mild or severe, it is important to know what to look for.

  • Sudden jerking movements of arms or legs
  • Staring spells or confusion
  • Loss of awareness or fainting
  • Strange feelings, such as fear or déjà vu
  • Unusual smells, tastes, or sounds
  • Temporary trouble speaking or understanding

    • Sometimes, people may only have one type of symptom. Other times, they may have several. Because epilepsy symptoms can be hard to spot, it is important to pay attention to any changes.

    When to Seek Medical Help

    If you or someone you know has a seizure, it is important to get medical help. Early treatment can make a big difference. You should see a doctor if:

  • You have a seizure for the first time
  • Seizures last longer than five minutes
  • Another seizure starts soon after the first
  • You have trouble breathing or waking up after a seizure
  • You get hurt during a seizure

    • In many cities, you can find epilepsy treatment centers and neurologists who can help. For example, if you live in New York, search for “epilepsy treatment in New York” to find local experts. Remember, early care can help control symptoms and improve quality of life.

    If you or someone you know experiences symptoms of epilepsy, consult a neurologist for personalized advice.

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